The study examines how persistent insecurity has affected Nigeria’s socio-economic development through violence, destruction of property, displacement and disruption of productive activities. The study aimed to examine the effect of insecurity on economic development, identify associated problems, and assess prospects for reducing its negative consequences. The study was anchored on Human Security Theory, which emphasizes protection of individuals from threats to their survival, livelihood and dignity. A descriptive research methodology was adopted using secondary data from sources to examine relevant evidence on insecurity and economic development. The study considered major cases and indicators of insecurity in Nigeria, such as: Boko Haram insurgency, Niger Delta militancy and the effects of banditry, and kidnapping on socio-economic activities. The study concludes that insecurity undermines investment, employment and economic growth. It recommends stronger security institutions, transnational border collaboration among neighboring countries, provision of qualitative education, heavy investment in agriculture improved governance, job creation and community-based security measures to promote sustainable economic development. Keywords: Insecurity, socio-economic development, insurgency, major indicators of insecurity, approaches to the successful revamping of the agricultural sector.