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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">BJCR</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">British Journal of Contemporary Research</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">BJCR</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn>2979-8582</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Bexford Publishing Ltd</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc><uri>https://bexfordpublishing.co.uk</uri></publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">BEX_OCT_26_251</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.67693/BJCR-YGATXQ6Z</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group xml:lang="en" subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Review Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Strengthening Quality Assurance Mechanisms In Rural Basic 
Schools In Nigeria: The Role Of Subeb, Communities And Technology</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
      <contrib corresp="yes">
        <name-alternatives>
          <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary">
            <given-names>Geoffrey Aondolumun AYUA</given-names>
          </name>
        </name-alternatives>
        <email>ayuageoffrey@gmail.com</email>
        <bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Benue State University (now, Rev.  Fr. Moses Orshio Adasu University) Makurdi, Nigeria</p></bio>
      </contrib>
      <contrib>
        <name-alternatives>
          <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary">
            <given-names>Augusta Ndidi OJOKO</given-names>
          </name>
        </name-alternatives>
        <email>danausta817@gmail.com</email>
        <bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Integrated Science, Faculty of Science, Federal University of Education, Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria</p></bio>
      </contrib>
      <contrib>
        <name-alternatives>
          <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary">
            <given-names>Msuur TOFI</given-names>
          </name>
        </name-alternatives>
        <email>tmsuur@gmail.com</email>
        <bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Benue State University (now, Rev. Fr. Moses Orshio Adasu University) Makurdi, Nigeria</p></bio>
      </contrib>
      <contrib>
        <name-alternatives>
          <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary">
            <given-names>Felix Ahangba IORSHAGHER</given-names>
          </name>
        </name-alternatives>
        <email>Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Education, Faculty of Education, Benue  State University (now, Rev. Fr. Moses Orshio Adasu University) Makurdi, Nigeria
Author 5: Dominic Paul SHIE</email>
        <bio xml:lang="en"><p>shiedom8085@gmail.com | Plateau State University, Bokkos, Nigeria</p></bio>
      </contrib>
      <contrib>
        <name-alternatives>
          <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary">
            <given-names>Igbawase AVULE</given-names>
          </name>
        </name-alternatives>
        <email>avuleigba@gmail.com</email>
        <bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Education, Faculty of Education, Benue State University (now, Rev. Fr. Moses Orshio Adasu University) Makurdi, Nigeria</p></bio>
      </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="epub">
        <day>10</day>
        <month>11</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      
      
      <pub-history>
        <event event-type="received">
          <event-desc>Received: <date date-type="received">
            <day>28</day>
            <month>10</month>
            <year>2026</year>
          </date></event-desc>
        </event>
        
        <event event-type="accepted">
          <event-desc>Accepted: <date date-type="accepted">
            <day>02</day>
            <month>11</month>
            <year>2026</year>
          </date></event-desc>
        </event>
      </pub-history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Copyright (c) 2026 Geoffrey Aondolumun AYUA</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract><p>Despite the mandate of the Universal Basic Education (UBE) Act 2004, quality assurance (QA) in Nigerian rural Basic schools remains weak, resulting in poor learning outcomes, teacher absenteeism, and low pupil retention. Existing SUBEB monitoring and evaluation mechanisms are largely centralized, periodic, and paper-based, making it difficult to detect and address challenges in real-time, especially in hard-to-reach rural communities. This conceptual paper examines how State Universal Basic Education Board (SUBEB), rural communities, and technology can be integrated to strengthen Quality Assurance, Monitoring and Evaluation in rural Basic schools in Nigeria. Anchored on Total Quality Management Theory and Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation, the paper argues that sustainable quality education requires decentralizing QA responsibilities beyond state agencies. The paper proposes the &quot;SCT-QA Model: SUBEB-Community-Technology Quality Assurance Model&quot; as a framework for improving rural school oversight. In this model, SUBEB provides policy, standards and training; communities through School-Based Management Committees (SBMCs) and Parent-Teacher Associations (PTAs) undertake local monitoring and accountability; while technology tools such as mobile apps, EMIS dashboards, and Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) feedback enable real-time data collection and transparency. The paper discusses the benefits, challenges and implementation strategies of the model. It concludes that strengthening QA through the SCT-QA Model will promote quality instruction, inclusive access, and learner retention in rural communities, in line with national and global education goals.</p></abstract>
    </article-meta>
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