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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">BJCR</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">British Journal of Contemporary Research</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">BJCR</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn>2979-8582</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Bexford Publishing Ltd</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc><uri>https://bexfordpublishing.co.uk</uri></publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">BEX_OCT_26_019</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.67693/BJCR-RL97I7MQ</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group xml:lang="en" subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Premature Aging Among Cocoa Farmers and Restorative Effects of Ecotourism in Ikom Local Government Area</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
      <contrib corresp="yes">
        <name-alternatives>
          <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary">
            <given-names>Bassey Bernard Obagha</given-names>
          </name>
        </name-alternatives>
        <email>bobassey@unical.edu.ng</email>
        <bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria</p></bio>
      </contrib>
      <contrib>
        <name-alternatives>
          <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary">
            <given-names>Linus Beba Akeh</given-names>
          </name>
        </name-alternatives>
        <email>Department of Geography and Environmental Science, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Calabar
Author 3: Itu Prince-Charles Omin</email>
        <bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Environmental Standards, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Calabar</p></bio>
      </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="epub">
        <day>10</day>
        <month>11</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      
      
      <pub-history>
        <event event-type="received">
          <event-desc>Received: <date date-type="received">
            <day>04</day>
            <month>10</month>
            <year>2026</year>
          </date></event-desc>
        </event>
        
        <event event-type="accepted">
          <event-desc>Accepted: <date date-type="accepted">
            <day>12</day>
            <month>10</month>
            <year>2026</year>
          </date></event-desc>
        </event>
      </pub-history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Copyright (c) 2026 Bassey Bernard Obagha</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract><p>tractThe case of early aging in small-scale farmers is becoming increasingly common among labour-intensive farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to analyse premature aging predictors among cocoa farmers in Ikom as well as the restorative potential of ecotourism. Cross-sectional research methods involving 320 farmers were applied, and data collection was conducted through surveys, interviews and focus groups, using descriptive and regression analysis of results. High percentages of fatigue (72.5%), joint pains (68.1%) and stress (66.9%) were identified among farmers, with working hours and agrochemical use being associated with a higher risk of aging and income and better access to healthcare being protective factors. Only 31.9% participated in ecotourism, although farmers experienced less fatigue and stress as well as higher income from the activity.Keywords: Premature aging, Cocoa farmers, Occupational health, Ecotourism, Rural livelihoods, Ikom</p></abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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