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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">BJCR</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">British Journal of Contemporary Research</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">BJCR</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Bexford Publishing Ltd</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc><uri>https://bexfordpublishing.co.uk</uri></publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">BEX_MAY_26_017</article-id>
      
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group xml:lang="en" subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">ADSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF METHYLENE BLUE AND METHYL ORANGE ON FIKA BENTONITE CLAY: KINETICS, ISOTHERMS, AND THE ROLE OF SOLUTION pH.</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
      <contrib corresp="yes">
        <name-alternatives>
          <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary">
            <given-names>Salisu Idriss</given-names>
          </name>
        </name-alternatives>
        <email>salisuidriss29@gmail.com</email>
        <bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yobe State University, Nigeria</p></bio>
      </contrib>
      <contrib>
        <name-alternatives>
          <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary">
            <given-names>Mohammed Alkali</given-names>
          </name>
        </name-alternatives>
        
        <bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yobe State University, Nigeria</p></bio>
      </contrib>
      <contrib>
        <name-alternatives>
          <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary">
            <given-names>Abdullahi Suleiman</given-names>
          </name>
        </name-alternatives>
        
        <bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yobe State University, Nigeria</p></bio>
      </contrib>
      <contrib>
        <name-alternatives>
          <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary">
            <given-names>Aisha Aliyu Gaya</given-names>
          </name>
        </name-alternatives>
        
        <bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Federal Polytechnic, Damaturu, Nigeria</p></bio>
      </contrib>
      <contrib>
        <name-alternatives>
          <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary">
            <given-names>Hamisu Musa</given-names>
          </name>
        </name-alternatives>
        
        <bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Federal Polytechnic, Damaturu, Nigeria</p></bio>
      </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="epub">
        <day>10</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      
      
      <pub-history>
        <event event-type="received">
          <event-desc>Received: <date date-type="received">
            <day>31</day>
            <month>05</month>
            <year>2026</year>
          </date></event-desc>
        </event>
        
      </pub-history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Copyright (c) 2026 Salisu Idriss</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract><p>This study investigates the adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) and Methyl Orange (MO) onto Fika bentonite clay. Batch experiments evaluated the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, initial concentration, and pH. The clay achieved over 99% removal for both dyes. Equilibrium was reached within 20 min for MB and 60 min for MO. Kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model, indicating chemisorption. Langmuir isotherm gave maximum capacities of 9.11 mg/g (MB) and 12.06 mg/g (MO). Fika bentonite is a promising low-cost adsorbent for cationic and anionic dyes.</p></abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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