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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">BJCR</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">British Journal of Contemporary Research</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">BJCR</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn>2979-8582</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Bexford Publishing Ltd</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc><uri>https://bexfordpublishing.co.uk</uri></publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">BEX_JUN_26_009</article-id>
      
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group xml:lang="en" subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Utilization of Kiln Room Waste as Raw Material for the Production of Refractory Kiln Props</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group content-type="author">
      <contrib corresp="yes">
        <name-alternatives>
          <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary">
            <given-names>Dr. Otimeyin Pius</given-names>
          </name>
        </name-alternatives>
        <email>otimeyinpius@gmail.com</email>
        <bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fine and Applied Arts Department, Faculty of Environmental Sciences University of Benin, Benin City.EdoState. , Nigeria</p></bio>
      </contrib>
      <contrib>
        <name-alternatives>
          <name name-style="western" specific-use="primary">
            <given-names>Dr. Osariyekemwen Daniel N.</given-names>
          </name>
        </name-alternatives>
        <email>osadanosa@gmail.com</email>
        <bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fine and Applied Arts Department, Faculty of Environmental Sciences University of Benin, Benin City Nigeria</p></bio>
      </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="epub">
        <day>10</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      
      
      <pub-history>
        <event event-type="received">
          <event-desc>Received: <date date-type="received">
            <day>05</day>
            <month>06</month>
            <year>2026</year>
          </date></event-desc>
        </event>
        
        <event event-type="accepted">
          <event-desc>Accepted: <date date-type="accepted">
            <day>20</day>
            <month>06</month>
            <year>2026</year>
          </date></event-desc>
        </event>
      </pub-history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Otimeyin Pius</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract><p>Abstract 
This study investigated the recycling of ceramic kiln room waste as broken refractory bats, bricks and props for the production of refractory kiln props used as kiln bat footings in ceramic firing operations. Waste refractory materials were processed and blended with kaolin, ball clay, and silica to develop a refractory body suitable for kiln-prop production. Test props were formed, dried, and fired to approximately 1200°C. The results showed that the recycled composite body produced kiln props with satisfactory strength, moderate shrinkage, and resistance to warping and cracking during firing. The study demonstrates that ceramic waste from the kiln room can be effectively reused in the manufacture of kiln props, thereby reducing waste generation and dependence on imported refractory products.
Keywords
Ceramic waste, kiln props, refractory materials, recycling, kiln furniture.</p></abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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