This study examined the effect of training and development on the performance of workers at a Hospital Management Board in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Specifically, it assessed the influence of on-the-job training, off-the-job training, and development on employee performance. A descriptive survey design was adopted, and census sampling was used to draw a sample of 127 staff members, from whom 120 usable questionnaires were retrieved. Data were analyzed using ordinary least squares regression. The findings show that on-the-job training had a positive and significant effect on performance (induction training: t = 6.061, p < 0.05), off-the-job training was likewise positive and significant across its indicators of creativity, competitive strength and exposure (t = 2.169-4.932, p < 0.05), and development activities-workshops and seminars in particular-had a significant positive effect on performance (t = 2.830 and 6.605, p < 0.05), while conference exposure was positive but not significant. The study concludes that training and development are important predictors of employee performance in the health sector and recommends that organizations institute periodic, needs-based training and development programmes to sustain productivity gains.